{"id":1277,"date":"2015-01-30T16:21:06","date_gmt":"2015-01-30T14:21:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/?p=1277"},"modified":"2023-07-12T08:48:15","modified_gmt":"2023-07-12T06:48:15","slug":"mit-o-ravnoj-zemlji","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/?p=1277","title":{"rendered":"Mit o ravnoj Zemlji"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u010cesto se u razgovorima navodi kako su ljudi nekada vjerovali da je Zemlja ravna plo\u010da. No ono \u0161to je razo\u010daravaju\u0107e je \u010dinjenica da se u dana\u0161njim ud\u017ebenicima iz geografije spominje to vjerovanje sve do Magellanovog putovanja koje je, navodno, dokazalo da je Zemlja okrugla.<\/p>\n<p>To je, jednostavno, <strong>pogre\u0161no<\/strong>, ali ujedno i sramotno za autore ud\u017ebenika. Doista, postojala su vjerovanja da je Zemlja ravna plo\u010da, no <strong>ona su prestala negdje oko 3. stolje\u0107a pr.n.e<\/strong>. Mit o Zemlji kao ravnoj plo\u010di drugdje u svijetu spominje se u kontekstu Kolumba, no u hrvatskim ud\u017ebenicima to je preba\u010deno \u010dak do Magellana u 16. stolje\u0107u!<\/p>\n<p>Izvor mita najvjerojatnije je Kolumbova biografija iz 1823. godine koju je napisao Washington Irving. U njoj su doga\u0111aji potpuno izmi\u0161ljeni, uklju\u010duju\u0107i vjerovanje o ravnoj Zemlji. U stvarnosti <a href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/blogs\/answer-sheet\/post\/busting-a-myth-about-columbus-and-a-flat-earth\/2011\/10\/10\/gIQAXszQaL_blog.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Kolumbo je itekako dobro znao da je Zemlja okrugla<\/strong><\/a> i htio je prona\u0107i put do Azije plove\u0107i prema zapadu. Bilo je potrebno prona\u0107i put do Indije \u010dime bi se olak\u0161ala trgovina koja je bila u opasnosti zbog Otomanskog carstva. Jedina nepoznanica bila je stvarna veli\u010dina planeta, pa je Kolumbio bio uvjeren da je doplovio do Indije umjesto da je otkrio nepoznat kontinent.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1278\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1278\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/Columbus.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"1278\" data-permalink=\"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/?attachment_id=1278\" data-orig-file=\"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/Columbus.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"400,400\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Columbus\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Kolumbo je \u010dak i \u0161e\u0161ire imao u obliku broda&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/Columbus.jpg\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1278\" src=\"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/Columbus.jpg\" alt=\"Kolumbo je \u010dak i \u0161e\u0161ire imao u obliku broda\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/Columbus.jpg 400w, http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/Columbus-200x200.jpg 200w, http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/Columbus-300x300.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1278\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kolumbo je \u010dak i \u0161e\u0161ire imao u obliku broda<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>U tre\u0107em stolje\u0107u pr.n.e. u anti\u010dkoj Gr\u010dkoj ne samo da se znalo da je Zemlja okrugla (npr. gledaju\u0107i zemljiinu sjenu za vrijeme pomr\u010dine Mjeseca, gr\u010dki astronomi vidjeli su da je sjena &#8211; okrugla!) ve\u0107 je izmjeren i njen promjer. To je <a href=\"http:\/\/todaslascosasdeanthony.com\/2012\/07\/03\/eratosthenes-earth-circumference\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">izra\u010dunao Eratosten<\/a>. On je znao da se u gradu Asuanu za vrijeme solsticija Sunce nalazi to\u010dno u zenitu. Koriste\u0107i obi\u010dan \u0161tap (gnomon) izmjerio je visinu Sunca u Aleksandriji te je izmjerio razliku. Uz pomo\u0107 te razlike u kutevima i poznate udaljenosti od Asuana do Aleksandrije vrlo je precizno izra\u010dunao promjer Zemlje.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1279\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1279\" style=\"width: 960px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/eratosthenes100_v-ARDFotogalerie.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"1279\" data-permalink=\"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/?attachment_id=1279\" data-orig-file=\"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/eratosthenes100_v-ARDFotogalerie.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"960,540\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"eratosthenes100_v-ARDFotogalerie\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/eratosthenes100_v-ARDFotogalerie.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-1279 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/eratosthenes100_v-ARDFotogalerie.jpg\" alt=\"eratosthenes100_v-ARDFotogalerie\" width=\"960\" height=\"540\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/eratosthenes100_v-ARDFotogalerie.jpg 960w, http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/eratosthenes100_v-ARDFotogalerie-300x169.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/eratosthenes100_v-ARDFotogalerie-533x300.jpg 533w, http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/eratosthenes100_v-ARDFotogalerie-500x281.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1279\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eratostenu na \u010delu pi\u0161e da je Zemlja okrugla.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Od tada na dalje <strong>apsolutno nitko u civiliziranom svijetu nije vjerovao u ravnu Zemlju<\/strong> &#8211; osim kineza do 17. stolje\u0107a i otkri\u0107a teleksopa. \u010cak niti &#8220;zadrti crkvenjaci&#8221; <a href=\"http:\/\/creation.com\/flat-earth-myth\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nisu nikada dvojili da je Zemlja okrugla<\/a>. Astronomi <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ptolemy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ptolomej<\/a> (90.-168.) i <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nicolaus_Copernicus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kopernik<\/a> (1473.-1543.) su okrugli oblik Zemlje uzimali kao normalnu stvar, a optu\u017ebe na ra\u010dun crkve i tamnog srednjeg vijeka zapravo su <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Myth_of_the_Flat_Earth#Advocates_for_Science\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">plasirane od strane nekih znanstvenika u 19. stolje\u0107u<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u010cesto se u razgovorima navodi kako su ljudi nekada vjerovali da je Zemlja ravna plo\u010da. No ono \u0161to je razo\u010daravaju\u0107e je \u010dinjenica da se u dana\u0161njim ud\u017ebenicima iz geografije spominje to vjerovanje sve do Magellanovog putovanja koje je, navodno, dokazalo da je Zemlja okrugla. To je, jednostavno, pogre\u0161no, ali ujedno i sramotno za autore ud\u017ebenika. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1278,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[121],"tags":[71,72],"class_list":["post-1277","post","type-post","status-publish","format-gallery","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-svemirske-zanimljivosti","tag-astronomija","tag-mit","post_format-post-format-gallery"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/Columbus.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1277","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1277"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1277\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3474,"href":"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1277\/revisions\/3474"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1278"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1277"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1277"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.astrobobo.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1277"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}